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  1. News
  2. Investor
  3. Banks Hesitant to Invest in Small Loans After Defaults
कर्जा उठ्न छोडेपछि बैंकहरु साना कर्जा लगानीमा हच्किए
Investor
2 min read
Published on June 30, 2024
NEPSE trading

कर्जा उठ्न छोडेपछि बैंकहरु साना कर्जा लगानीमा हच्किएBanks Hesitant to Invest in Small Loans After Defaults

हालका वर्षहरुमा साना कर्जा उठ्न छोडेपछि बैंकहरु साना कर्जा लगानीमा हच्किएका छन्। सबैभन्दा बढी खराब कर्जा एसएमई (साना तथा मझौला उद्यम) कर्जामा देखिएपछि बैंकहरुले यस क्षेत्रमा कर्जा लगानी बढाउन नचाहेका हुन्। अहिले बैंकहरुको निर्माण क्षेत्रको कर्जा सबैभन्दा धेरै खराब देखिएको छ भने त्यसपछि एसएमई कर्जा बढी खराब देखिएको छ। यसले गर्दा बैंकहरु अहिले यस्ता कर्जा लगानीभन्दा पनि उठाउनेतिर लागेका छन्।

·  साना कर्जा उठ्न छोडेपछि समस्या:

  • एसएमई (साना तथा मझौला उद्यम) कर्जामा बढी खराब कर्जा देखिएको।

  • बैंकहरुले निर्माण क्षेत्रमा पनि धेरै खराब कर्जा देखेका छन्।

  • कर्जा उठाउनै समस्या भएकोले बैंकहरुले साना कर्जा लगानी बढाउन नचाहेका।

·  कर्जा लगानीको स्थिति:

  • चालु आर्थिक वर्षको चैतसम्ममा बैंकहरुले लघु, घरेलु, साना एवम् मझौला उद्यममा ९.३७% कर्जा दिएका।

  • केन्द्रीय बैंकले असारसम्ममा ११% कर्जा दिनुपर्ने व्यवस्था गरेको।

  • वर्षौं अघिदेखि १५% कर्जा लगानी गर्नुपर्ने व्यवस्था भएपनि बैंकहरुले यो लक्ष्य पूरा गर्न नसकेका।

·  केन्द्रीय बैंकको भूमिका:

  • केन्द्रीय बैंकले साना उद्योगमा १५% कर्जा लगानीको समयसीमा हरेक वर्ष थप्दै आएको।

  • गत वर्षको मौद्रिक नीतिबाट २०८५ असारसम्म समय थपिएको।

·  बैंकहरुको समस्या र समाधान:

  • मुख्य समस्या: उच्च जोखिमका कारण बैंकहरुले साना कर्जा लगानी गर्न हच्किएका।

  • सम्भावित समाधानहरु:

    • कर्जा सुरक्षा कोष स्थापनाका लागि केन्द्रीय बैंकको पहल।

    • साना कर्जाका लागि विशेष अनुदान कार्यक्रम सञ्चालन।

    • साना उद्योगहरुलाई वित्तीय व्यवस्थापन सुधार्न प्रशिक्षण र परामर्श सेवाहरु प्रदान।

·  विभिन्न बैंकहरुको कर्जा स्थिति:

  • कम कर्जा लगानी:

    • स्ट्यान्डर्ड चाटर्ड बैंक: २.१७%

    • हिमालयन बैंक: ३.५६%

    • एभरेष्ट बैंक: ३.५९%

    • प्रभु बैंक: ४.४१%

    • नेपाल इन्भेष्टमेन्ट मेगा बैंक: ४.९६%

    • नेपाल एसबिआई बैंक: ५.८१%

  • धेरै कर्जा लगानी:

    • कृषि विकास बैंक: २६.०६%

    • राष्ट्रिय वाणिज्य बैंक: २०.६१%

    • नेपाल बैंक: १८.७८%

·  साना कर्जा लगानीको महत्व:

  • बैंकहरुले साना कर्जा लगानी गर्दा देशको आर्थिक विकासमा टेवा पुग्ने।

  • साना उद्योगहरुको विकासले बैंकहरुको कर्जाको फिर्ता सुनिश्चित गर्ने।

·  निष्कर्ष:

  • बैंकहरुले साना कर्जा लगानी गर्न हच्किएका भए पनि, सुधारका उपायहरु अवलम्बन गर्न सकिन्छ।

  • केन्द्रीय बैंकको ठोस नीतिहरु, कर्जा सुरक्षा कोषको स्थापना, विशेष अनुदान कार्यक्रम र वित्तीय व्यवस्थापन सुधारबाट साना कर्जा लगानीलाई प्रोत्साहित गर्न सकिन्छ।

  • यसबाट बैंकहरुले फाइदा पाउनेछन् र देशको आर्थिक विकासमा महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्नेछन्।

In recent years, banks have become hesitant to invest in small loans as defaults have increased. The highest rate of bad loans has been observed in SME (Small and Medium Enterprises) loans, leading banks to refrain from increasing investments in this sector. Construction sector loans have shown the most significant defaults, followed closely by SME loans. Consequently, banks are focusing more on recovering these loans rather than investing in new ones.

 

- Issues After Loan Defaults:

  - High rate of bad loans in SME (Small and Medium Enterprises) sector.

  - Significant defaults also observed in the construction sector.

  - Banks are reluctant to increase small loan investments due to recovery issues. 

- Current Loan Investment Status:

  - By the end of the current fiscal year's Chaitra, banks have invested 9.37% in micro, household, small, and medium enterprises.

  - The central bank has mandated an 11% investment in these sectors by the end of Ashar.

  - Despite a longstanding requirement of 15% investment in small industries, banks have failed to meet this target, leading to yearly extensions by the central bank. 

- Role of the Central Bank:

  - The central bank has been extending the deadline for achieving the 15% investment target in small industries annually.

  - Last year’s monetary policy extended the deadline to Ashar 2085. 

- Bank Issues and Solutions:

  - Main Issue: High risk associated with small loan investments causing banks to hesitate.

  - Potential Solutions:

    - Initiative by the central bank to establish a loan security fund.

    - Implementation of special grant programs for small loans.

    - Providing training and consultancy services to improve financial management of small industries. 

- Loan Status of Various Banks:

  - Low Loan Investment:

    - Standard Chartered Bank: 2.17%

    - Himalayan Bank: 3.56%

    - Everest Bank: 3.59%

    - Prabhu Bank: 4.41%

    - Nepal Investment Mega Bank: 4.96%

    - Nepal SBI Bank: 5.81%

  - High Loan Investment:

    - Agricultural Development Bank: 26.06%

    - Rastriya Banijya Bank: 20.61%

    - Nepal Bank: 18.78% 

- Importance of Small Loan Investment:

  - Investing in small loans by banks contributes to the overall economic development of the country.

  - Development of small industries ensures the return of bank loans.

 

Conclusion

  - Despite banks’ hesitancy to invest in small loans, various improvement measures can be adopted.

  - Strong policies by the central bank, establishment of a loan security fund, special grant programs, and improving financial management can encourage small loan investments.

  - This will benefit banks and play a crucial role in the country's economic development.

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