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  1. News
  2. Economy
  3. Nepal Rastra Bank to Introduce Flexible Monetary Policy
नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले लचिलो मौद्रिक नीति ल्याउँदै
Economy
3 min read
Published on June 25, 2024
NEPSE trading

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले लचिलो मौद्रिक नीति ल्याउँदै Nepal Rastra Bank to Introduce Flexible Monetary Policy

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले आगामी आर्थिक वर्षमा कर्जा लगानी बढाउन लचिलो मौद्रिक नीति ल्याउने तयारी गरिरहेको छ। पछिल्लो दुई वर्षदेखि बैंकहरुको कर्जा विस्तार न्युन हुँदा अर्थतन्त्रमा मन्दी आएको छ। बाह्य क्षेत्र मजबुद र महंगी दर कम भएकाले ब्याजदर नबढाउने र कर्जा विस्तार बढाउने नीति ल्याइने राष्ट्र बैंकका अधिकारीले बताएका छन्। अर्थमन्त्री र अर्थसचिवले पनि राष्ट्र बैंकलाई लचकता अपनाउन आग्रह गरेका छन्। गभर्नर महाप्रसाद अधिकारीले कोभिडपछिका कडाइ गरिएका नीतिहरु संशोधन गर्दै, बैंकहरुको लगानीयोग्य रकम बजारमा प्रवाह गर्न योजना बनाएका छन्। चालु आर्थिक वर्षको मौद्रिक नीतिबाटै केहि लचकता अपनाइएको छ भने आगामी वर्षको नीति थप लचिलो बनाइनेछ।

कर्जा विस्तारमा कमी

विगत दुई वर्षदेखि बैंकहरुको कर्जा विस्तार न्युन हुँदा अर्थतन्त्रमा मन्दी आएको छ। गत आर्थिक वर्षमा करिब ५ प्रतिशत मात्र कर्जा विस्तार भएको थियो, र चालु आर्थिक वर्षमा यो दर ५ प्रतिशतभन्दा कम रहने देखिएको छ। यसले अर्थतन्त्रमा मन्दीको अवस्था सृजना गरेको छ, जसले गर्दा आर्थिक गतिविधिहरुमा कमी आएको छ।

बाह्य क्षेत्र र महंगी दर

राष्ट्र बैंकका अधिकारीका अनुसार, बाह्य क्षेत्र मजबुद रहेको छ भने महंगी दर पनि निकै तल छ। यसले गर्दा ब्याजदर बढाउने नीति नल्याइने छ। कर्जा लगानी सुस्त भएकाले अब कर्जा विस्तार बढाउने गरी नीति ल्याइनेछ। यसले बैंकहरुलाई कर्जा लगानी गर्न थप प्रोत्साहित गर्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।

अर्थमन्त्री र अर्थसचिवको आग्रह

अर्थमन्त्री र अर्थसचिवले राष्ट्र बैंकलाई लचकता अपनाउन आग्रह गरेका छन्। अर्थसचिव मधु मरासिनीले आइतबार एक कार्यक्रममा भने, "बैंकहरुसँग भएको ६ खर्ब बढीको लगानीयोग्य रकम बजारमा लगानी हुनुपर्छ। अहिले मनि सप्लाई मुख्य कुरा रहेछ र त्यो मनि सप्लाई बढाउने मुख्य साँचो राष्ट्र बैंकसँग छ।"

गभर्नरको योजना

गभर्नर महाप्रसाद अधिकारीले कोभिडपछिका कडाइ गरिएका नीतिहरु संशोधन गर्दै, बैंकहरुको लगानीयोग्य रकम बजारमा प्रवाह गर्न योजना बनाएका छन्। कोभिड सुरु भएपछि उनले अर्थतन्त्र चलायमान बनाउन थुप्रै सहुलियत दिएका थिए, जसले एकै वर्षमा बैंकहरुको कर्जा लगानी २७ प्रतिशतले बढाएको थियो। तर पछिल्लो समयमा कडाइ गरिएका नीतिहरुका कारण कर्जा लगानीमा कमी आएको छ।

लचकता अपनाउने तयारी

चालु आर्थिक वर्षको मौद्रिक नीतिबाटै केहि लचकता अपनाइएको छ भने आगामी वर्षको नीति थप लचिलो बनाइनेछ। गभर्नर अधिकारीले केही दिन अघि सार्वजनिक कार्यक्रममा नै आगामी आर्थिक वर्षको मौद्रिक नीति लचिलो आउने बताइसकेका छन्। यसका लागि कडाइ गरिएका केहि कर्जाहरुलाई खुकुलो बनाउने योजना बनाइएको छ।

बैंकहरुको पूँजीकोषको दबाव

पछिल्लो समय बैंकहरुको पूँजीकोषको दबावले गर्दा केहि बैंकहरु कर्जा लगानी गर्न नसक्ने अवस्थामा पुगेका छन्। यी बैंकहरुको लागि विभिन्न उपकरण जारी गरी पूँजीकोष बढाउन बाटो खोल्ने गरी छलफल भइरहेको छ। यसले बैंकहरुलाई कर्जा लगानी गर्न थप सजिलो हुने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।

लचिलो मौद्रिक नीतिको महत्व

लचिलो मौद्रिक नीति ल्याउनुको मुख्य उद्देश्य अर्थतन्त्रमा मनि सप्लाई बढाउनु हो। कर्जा लगानी बढेपछि विभिन्न क्षेत्रमा आर्थिक गतिविधिहरुमा वृद्धि हुनेछ। यसले रोजगारी सृजना गर्ने, उत्पादन वृद्धि गर्ने, र आर्थिक वृद्धिमा योगदान दिनेछ।

ब्याजदर र कर्जा लगानी

ब्याजदर घटेपछि बैंकहरुमा कर्जा लगानीको सम्भावना बढ्नेछ। ब्याजदर कम हुँदा ऋण लिनेको संख्या बढ्ने र बैंकहरुले थप कर्जा प्रवाह गर्न प्रोत्साहन पाउनेछन्। यसले समग्र अर्थतन्त्रमा सकारात्मक प्रभाव पार्नेछ।

कर्जा लगानीमा सहुलियत

कर्जा लगानीमा सहुलियत दिनुपर्ने आवश्यकता देखिएको छ। यसका लागि केहि कडाइ गरिएका कर्जाहरुलाई खुकुलो बनाउनुपर्ने हुन्छ। यसले बैंकहरुलाई थप कर्जा लगानी गर्न सजिलो बनाउनेछ।

बजारमा तरलता

बजारमा तरलता बढेपछि विभिन्न क्षेत्रमा आर्थिक गतिविधिहरु बढ्नेछन्। यसले उत्पादन वृद्धि गर्ने, रोजगारी सृजना गर्ने, र आर्थिक वृद्धिमा योगदान दिनेछ।

Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) is preparing to introduce a flexible monetary policy for the upcoming fiscal year to increase credit investment. For the past two years, banks have experienced low credit expansion, leading to an economic downturn. NRB officials have indicated that due to a strong external sector and low inflation, interest rates will not be raised, and policies will be implemented to increase credit expansion. Both the Finance Minister and the Finance Secretary have urged NRB to adopt flexibility. Governor Maha Prasad Adhikari plans to revise the tightened policies implemented post-COVID and channel more investable funds from banks into the market. Some flexibility has already been adopted in the current fiscal year's monetary policy, and more flexibility is expected in the upcoming policy.

Decline in Credit Expansion

Over the past two years, banks have seen a significant decrease in credit expansion, leading to an economic downturn. In the last fiscal year, credit expansion was around 5%, and it is projected to be less than 5% in the current fiscal year. This slowdown has created a recessionary condition in the economy, reducing economic activities.

Strong External Sector and Low Inflation

According to NRB officials, the external sector is robust, and inflation is significantly low. Therefore, the new policy will not raise interest rates. Due to sluggish credit investment, the upcoming policy aims to increase credit expansion, encouraging banks to invest more.

Appeal from the Finance Minister and Finance Secretary

Both the Finance Minister and the Finance Secretary have urged NRB to adopt more flexibility. Finance Secretary Madhu Marasini emphasized in a program on Sunday that "The market needs to invest the more than 600 billion rupees of investable funds held by banks. Money supply is a crucial issue right now, and NRB holds the key to increasing it."

Governor's Plan

Governor Maha Prasad Adhikari intends to revise the stringent policies introduced post-COVID and increase the flow of investable funds from banks into the market. After the onset of COVID, Adhikari introduced several concessions to keep the economy active, resulting in a 27% increase in bank credit investment in one year. However, more recent strict policies have led to a decline in credit investment.

Preparation for Flexibility

Some flexibility has already been implemented in the current fiscal year's monetary policy, and more is expected in the upcoming year. Governor Adhikari has publicly stated that the monetary policy for the next fiscal year will be more flexible. This includes plans to relax some of the tightened credit restrictions.

Pressure on Bank Capital Funds

Recently, pressure on banks' capital funds has rendered some banks unable to invest in credit. Discussions are ongoing to introduce various tools to increase capital funds for these banks, making it easier for them to extend credit.

Importance of Flexible Monetary Policy

The primary objective of a flexible monetary policy is to increase money supply in the economy. When credit investment rises, economic activities across various sectors will grow. This will create jobs, boost production, and contribute to economic growth.

Interest Rates and Credit Investment

When interest rates are low, the likelihood of credit investment by banks increases. Lower interest rates encourage more borrowing, and banks are incentivized to extend more credit. This will have a positive impact on the overall economy.

Need for Credit Investment Concessions

There is a need to provide concessions in credit investment. This involves relaxing some of the stringent credit policies, making it easier for banks to extend more credit.

ncreasing Market Liquidity

Increasing liquidity in the market will boost economic activities in various sectors. This will lead to increased production, job creation, and contribute to overall economic growth..

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