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  3. SEBON Halts Premium IPO Approvals Under New Leadership
प्रिमियम आईपीओमा सेबोनको ब्रेक, नयाँ नेतृत्वमा स्वीकृति शून्य
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2 min read
Published on February 27, 2026
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प्रिमियम आईपीओमा सेबोनको ब्रेक, नयाँ नेतृत्वमा स्वीकृति शून्यSEBON Halts Premium IPO Approvals Under New Leadership

पछिल्लो समय नेपाल धितोपत्र बोर्ड (सेबोन) ले प्रिमियम मूल्यमा कुनै पनि कम्पनीलाई आईपीओ निष्काशन गर्न अनुमति नदिएको अवस्था देखिएको छ। सन्तोष नारायण श्रेष्ठ २०८१ असोज २ गते बोर्डको अध्यक्ष नियुक्त भएपछि अहिलेसम्म एउटा पनि कम्पनीले प्रिमियममा आईपीओ जारी गर्ने स्वीकृति पाएको छैन। श्रेष्ठ आउनुअघि पाइपलाइनमा रहेका कम्पनीहरू समेत प्रिमियम मूल्यमा शेयर निष्काशन गर्नबाट वञ्चित भएका छन्। यद्यपि, प्रिमियममा आईपीओ निष्काशन गर्न आवेदन दिने कम्पनीहरूको संख्या भने क्रमशः बढ्दो छ।

पूर्व अध्यक्ष रमेश हमालले प्रिमियम मूल्यमा आईपीओ स्वीकृति दिएका केही कम्पनीमाथि लेखा समिति र महालेखा परीक्षकको कार्यालयले कैफियत औँल्याएपछि अहिलेको नेतृत्व थप सतर्क बनेको बुझिन्छ। प्रिमियम आईपीओ सम्बन्धी निर्णयकै कारण हमालले संसदीय लेखा समिति र अख्तियार दुरुपयोग अनुसन्धान आयोगसमक्ष बयान दिनुपरेको घटनाले पनि बोर्डलाई संवेदनशील बनाएको छ। संसदको अर्थ समितिले प्रचलित कानुनअनुसार प्रक्रिया अघि बढाउन निर्देशन दिएपछि सेबोनले अध्ययन समिति गठन गरेको भए पनि त्यसको प्रतिवेदन सार्वजनिक गरिएको छैन।

चालु आर्थिक वर्षको पहिलो ६ महिनामा सेबोनले १७ वटा कम्पनीलाई आईपीओ निष्काशन अनुमति दिएको छ, तर ती सबै अंकित मूल्य अर्थात १०० रुपैयाँमै सीमित छन्। गत आर्थिक वर्षमा १५ कम्पनीले अनुमति पाउँदा पनि कुनै प्रिमियम आईपीओ स्वीकृत भएको थिएन। जबकि २०८०/८१ मा हमाल नेतृत्वमा ९ कम्पनीले अनुमति पाउँदा ४ कम्पनीले प्रिमियममा शेयर निष्काशन गरेका थिए, जसमा सोनापुर मिनरल्स एन्ड आयल लिमिटेड, हिमालयन रिइन्स्योरेन्स लिमिटेड र सर्वोत्तम सिमेन्ट लिमिटेड जस्ता कम्पनी समावेश थिए।

हाल प्रिमियम मूल्यमा आईपीओ निष्काशन गर्न आवेदन दिएका कम्पनीहरूको सूची लामो बन्दै गएको छ। हुलास फिनसर्भ हायर पर्चेज लिमिटेड ले प्रतिकित्ता ३५८.८५ रुपैयाँ दरले २० लाख ७५ हजार कित्ता शेयर निष्काशनका लागि आवेदन दिएको छ। त्यस्तै हुलास आइरन इन्डष्ट्रिज लिमिटेड र हुलास इन्फ्रा लिमिटेड ले पनि प्रिमियम मूल्यमा आईपीओ निष्काशनका लागि प्रस्ताव पेश गरिसकेका छन्। उद्योग, सिमेन्ट, हाइड्रोपावर र वित्तीय क्षेत्रका विभिन्न कम्पनीहरूले प्रिमियम मूल्यमा बजार प्रवेश गर्ने इच्छा देखाए पनि सेबोनबाट स्वीकृति नपाउँदा प्रक्रिया अघि बढ्न सकेको छैन।

बजार विश्लेषकहरूका अनुसार प्रिमियम आईपीओको ढोका लामो समयसम्म बन्द रहँदा ठूला र स्थापित कम्पनीहरू पूँजी बजारमा आउन हिचकिचाउने सम्भावना रहन्छ। यद्यपि नियामक निकायको सावधानीले पारदर्शिता र लगानीकर्ता सुरक्षालाई प्राथमिकता दिएको सन्देश पनि दिएको छ। अब अध्ययन समितिको निष्कर्ष र नीतिगत स्पष्टतापछि मात्र प्रिमियम आईपीओबारे ठोस निर्णय आउने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ।

The Securities Board of Nepal (SEBON) has not approved any Initial Public Offering (IPO) at a premium price in recent months. Since Santosh Narayan Shrestha was appointed as Chairman on October 2, 2024 (B.S. 2081 Ashoj 2), no company has received approval to issue shares at a premium. Even companies that were already in the regulatory pipeline prior to his appointment have not been granted permission. However, the number of companies applying for premium IPO approvals continues to rise.

The cautious stance follows irregularities observed in premium IPO approvals granted during the tenure of former chairman Ramesh Hamal. Some previously approved premium issues faced objections from the Public Accounts Committee and the Office of the Auditor General. The controversy even led to investigations by parliamentary bodies and the anti-corruption authority, prompting the current leadership to adopt a more conservative approach. Although a study committee was formed following directives from the parliamentary Finance Committee, its findings have yet to be made public.

In the first six months of the current fiscal year, SEBON approved IPOs for 17 companies, all issued strictly at face value of Rs. 100 per share. Similarly, none of the 15 IPOs approved in the previous fiscal year were at a premium. In contrast, during fiscal year 2080/81 under Hamal’s leadership, four out of nine approved IPOs were issued at premium prices, including those of Sonapur Minerals and Oil Limited, Himalayan Reinsurance Limited, and Sarvottam Cement Limited.

Currently, several companies remain in queue seeking approval for premium IPOs. Hulas Finserv Hire Purchase Limited has applied to issue 2.075 million shares at Rs. 358.85 per share. Likewise, Hulas Iron Industries Limited and Hulas Infra Limited have also submitted proposals for premium offerings. Despite growing interest from companies across manufacturing, cement, hydropower, and financial sectors, regulatory approval remains pending.

Market analysts suggest that prolonged suspension of premium IPO approvals could discourage well-established companies from entering the capital market. However, SEBON’s cautious stance signals its focus on transparency and investor protection. The market now awaits policy clarity and the recommendations of the study committee to determine the future of premium IPO approvals in Nepal.

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