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  3. Service Account Deficit Widens as Travel Spending—Especially on Education—Surges
सेवा खातामा घाटा बढ्यो, भ्रमण व्यय र शिक्षा खर्चले दबाब बढाउँदै
Investor
2 min read
Published on December 16, 2025
NEPSE TRADING

सेवा खातामा घाटा बढ्यो, भ्रमण व्यय र शिक्षा खर्चले दबाब बढाउँदैService Account Deficit Widens as Travel Spending—Especially on Education—Surges

काठमाडौं । आर्थिक वर्ष २०८२/८३ को पहिलो चार महिना (२०८२ कात्तिकसम्म) मा नेपालको सेवा खाता अझै घाटामा रहेको देखिएको छ। नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले सार्वजनिक गरेको शोधनान्तरसम्बन्धी तथ्याङ्कअनुसार समीक्षा अवधिमा खुद सेवा आय ३२ अर्ब ९१ करोड रुपैयाँले घाटामा रहेको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा यस्तो घाटा २२ अर्ब ३७ करोड रुपैयाँ थियो। यसले सेवा क्षेत्रमा आयभन्दा व्ययको वृद्धि तीव्र बनेको संकेत गर्दछ।

भ्रमण आयमा सामान्य वृद्धि

सेवा खाताअन्तर्गत समीक्षा अवधिमा भ्रमण आय ०.९ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई २७ अर्ब १५ करोड रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा भ्रमण आय २६ अर्ब ९० करोड रुपैयाँ रहेको थियो। पर्यटक आगमन र पर्यटन गतिविधि क्रमशः सुधार हुँदै गए पनि भ्रमण आयको वृद्धिदर कमजोर देखिएको छ, जसले पर्यटन क्षेत्र अझै पूर्ण रूपमा पुनरुत्थान हुन नसकेको संकेत गर्छ।

भ्रमण व्यय तीव्र रूपमा बढ्दै

उता, भ्रमण व्यय ११.८ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई ७५ अर्ब ७४ करोड रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा भ्रमण व्यय ६७ अर्ब ७५ करोड रुपैयाँ रहेको थियो। यसमध्ये ठूलो हिस्सा शिक्षातर्फको व्यय ले ओगटेको छ। समीक्षा अवधिमा शिक्षातर्फको भ्रमण व्यय ४८ अर्ब २६ करोड रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ, जबकि अघिल्लो वर्ष यस्तो व्यय ३७ अर्ब ७७ करोड रुपैयाँ थियो।

विशेषगरी विदेशमा अध्ययन गर्ने विद्यार्थीहरूको संख्या बढ्दै जाँदा शिक्षा सम्बन्धी भुक्तानी तीव्र रूपमा बढेको अर्थविद्हरूको विश्लेषण छ। यसले सेवा खाताको घाटा अझ गहिरो बनाएको देखिन्छ।

विप्रेषण आप्रवाह बलियो

समीक्षा अवधिमा विप्रेषण आप्रवाह ३१.४ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई ६८७ अर्ब १३ करोड रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा विप्रेषण ५२३ अर्ब ०७ करोड रुपैयाँ थियो। विप्रेषणमा आएको उल्लेखनीय वृद्धिले चालु खाता तथा शोधनान्तर सन्तुलनमा राहत दिएको छ।

प्रत्यक्ष वैदेशिक लगानी घट्दो

तर, प्रत्यक्ष वैदेशिक लगानी (ईक्विटी मात्र) ५६.७ प्रतिशतले घटेर २ अर्ब ४९ करोड रुपैयाँमा सीमित भएको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा यस्तो लगानी ५ अर्ब ७६ करोड रुपैयाँ थियो। प्रत्यक्ष लगानी घट्नुले लगानी वातावरण, नीतिगत स्थिरता र दीर्घकालीन आर्थिक विश्वासमा प्रश्न उठाएको विश्लेषकहरू बताउँछन्।

चार महिनाको तथ्याङ्कले सेवा खातामा संरचनात्मक असन्तुलन देखाएको छ। भ्रमण आयमा सामान्य सुधार भए पनि भ्रमण व्यय—विशेषगरी शिक्षातर्फको खर्च—तीव्र रूपमा बढ्दा सेवा खाताको घाटा फराकिलो बनेको छ। यद्यपि, बलियो विप्रेषण आप्रवाहले समग्र बाह्य क्षेत्रलाई केही राहत दिएको छ। विज्ञहरूका अनुसार सेवा निर्यात विस्तार, पर्यटन आय वृद्धि र वैदेशिक लगानी आकर्षणमा केन्द्रित नीतिगत सुधार नगरेसम्म सेवा खाताको घाटा दीर्घकालीन चुनौतीकै रूपमा रहने देखिन्छ।

Nepal’s service account remained under growing pressure in the first four months of fiscal year 2082/83 (up to mid-November 2025), as a sharp rise in outbound travel spending outweighed modest gains in service income. According to balance of payments indicators released by Nepal Rastra Bank, the net service income recorded a deficit of Rs 32.91 billion during the review period, significantly wider than the Rs 22.37 billion deficit seen in the same period last year.

The data show that while some service-sector inflows improved slightly, overall expenses increased at a much faster pace, deepening the structural imbalance in the service account. Economists note that this trend reflects long-standing weaknesses in Nepal’s ability to export services compared to its growing dependence on foreign services.

Tourism Income Grows Slowly

Under the service account, travel income increased marginally by 0.9 percent to Rs 27.15 billion, up from Rs 26.90 billion a year earlier. Although tourist arrivals and related activities have gradually improved, the slow growth rate suggests that tourism earnings have yet to regain strong momentum. Analysts point out that shorter stays, lower per-tourist spending and a focus on budget travel may be limiting income growth despite rising visitor numbers.

Outbound Travel Spending Rises Sharply

In contrast, travel expenditure surged by 11.8 percent to Rs 75.74 billion during the same period, compared to Rs 67.75 billion last year. A large share of this increase came from education-related expenses, which alone amounted to Rs 48.26 billion, up sharply from Rs 37.77 billion in the previous year.

The rising cost of overseas education and the growing number of Nepali students studying abroad have significantly increased foreign currency outflows. Experts warn that unless domestic higher education capacity improves, education-related travel spending will continue to exert heavy pressure on the service account.

Remittance Inflows Provide Strong Support

Despite the widening service deficit, Nepal’s external position received substantial support from remittance inflows. During the review period, remittances increased by 31.4 percent to Rs 687.13 billion, compared to Rs 523.07 billion a year earlier. The strong growth in remittances helped cushion the impact of higher service and trade deficits on the overall balance of payments.

Foreign Direct Investment Declines

In contrast to the positive remittance trend, foreign direct investment (equity only) fell sharply by 56.7 percent to Rs 2.49 billion, down from Rs 5.76 billion in the same period last year. The decline in FDI has raised concerns about investor confidence, policy predictability and the broader investment climate. Analysts argue that sustained weakness in foreign investment could limit long-term growth and technology transfer.

The latest figures underline a key challenge facing Nepal’s external sector. While remittances continue to provide vital support, the persistent rise in service-sector outflows—particularly education-related travel spending—has widened the service account deficit. At the same time, slow growth in tourism income and declining foreign investment point to missed opportunities in service exports and capital inflows.

Economists emphasize that addressing these imbalances will require strengthening domestic education and health services, diversifying tourism products to increase per-visitor spending, and improving the investment climate. Without such reforms, Nepal’s service account deficit is likely to remain a structural drag on the balance of payments, leaving the economy increasingly reliant on remittances to maintain external stability.

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