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  1. News
  2. Education
  3. What are EPS, PE and PB ?
के हो इपिएस, पिई र पिबी ?
Education
1 min read
Published on June 5, 2024
NEPSE trading

के हो इपिएस, पिई र पिबी ? What are EPS, PE and PB ?

कम्पनीले आर्जन गरेको खुद नाफालाई कम्पनीको कुल शेयर संख्याले भाग गर्दा प्रतिशेयर आम्दानी (अर्निङ पर सेयर, इपिएस) प्राप्त हुन्छ। यो शेयरको मूल्य मापन गर्ने एक महत्वपूर्ण आधार हो। प्रतिशेयर आम्दानी उच्च भएकोलाई असल मानिन्छ भने कम भएकालाई कमसल मानिन्छ।

शंकास्पद भन्नुको अर्थ कम पिइ रेसियो हुनुमा लगानीकर्ताहरूले पहिचान नगरेकाले बजार मूल्य कम हुँदा पिई पनि कम हुन्छ भने अर्कोतिर कम्पनीले नाफा नै कम गरेकोले इपिएस कम भई पिइ पनि न्युन हुन सक्छ। त्यसैले कुन कारणले पिई कम भएको हो पत्ता लगाउनु पर्छ।

प्राइस टु बुक (पिबी) रेसियो हो जो कम्पनीको शेयरको बजार मूल्य र किताबी मूल्य बीचको अनुपात हो। पिबी रेसियो ५ सम्म भएको शेयरलाई सुरक्षित मानिन्छ। अर्थात कुनै कम्पनीको शेयरको किताबी मूल्य १५० रुपैयाँ छ भने बजार मूल्य ७५० रुपैयाँ हुदासम्म खरिद गर्दा जोखिम कम हुन्छ भन्ने मान्यता छ।

When a company distributes its own profits among the total number of shares, it results in earnings per share (EPS). This metric is crucial for measuring the value of a share. Higher EPS indicates better earnings per share, while lower EPS suggests lower earnings.

Price to Earnings (P/E) Ratio:

- Less than 10: Considered risky.

- Between 10 and 20: Relatively safe on a comparative basis.

- More than 20: Considered risky.

The term "risky" in the context of P/E ratio implies that when investment managers fail to recognize the lower P/E ratio, the market price also decreases. Consequently, if a company reduces its profit, the EPS may also decrease even if the P/E ratio remains low. Therefore, it is essential to identify the reasons behind the decrease in P/E ratio.

Price to Book (P/B) Ratio: This ratio represents the proportion between a company's market price and its book value. A P/B ratio of less than 5 is considered safe. For example, if a company's book value is NPR 150 per share and the market price is NPR 750 per share, it suggests less risk when buying, as the market price is only five times the book value.

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