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  3. Analysis of Non-Banking Assets Held by Commercial Banks
नेपालका वाणिज्य बैंकहरूको नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्तिको विश्लेषण
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2 min read
Published on July 11, 2025
Nepsetrading

नेपालका वाणिज्य बैंकहरूको नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्तिको विश्लेषणAnalysis of Non-Banking Assets Held by Commercial Banks

नेपालका प्रमुख वाणिज्य बैंकहरूको ताजा वित्तीय विवरण अनुसार, नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति (Non-Banking Assets - NBA) को अवस्था बैंकहरूको ऋण पुन:प्राप्ति प्रक्रिया तथा क्रेडिट जोखिम व्यवस्थापनको सूचकको रूपमा देखिन्छ। यस्ता सम्पत्तिहरू प्रायः बक्यौता ऋण असुल गर्न नसकेपछि धितोका रूपमा अधिग्रहण गरिएका सम्पत्ति हुन्।

उक्त विवरण अनुसार, ग्लोबल आइएमई बैंक सबैभन्दा धेरै नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति राख्ने बैंक भएको देखिन्छ, जसको कुल रकम रु. ५,९३६.७३ मिलियनछ। यसपछि क्रमशः हिमालयन बैंकको रु. ५,३१८.९६ मिलियन र एनआइसी एशिया बैंकको रु. ४,६६८.५४ मिलियन रहेको छ। यस्ता उच्च मात्राका सम्पत्तिहरू ऋण वसूलीमा आक्रामक नीति वा बक्यौता बढेको संकेत दिन सक्छ।

नबिल बैंक र एनएमबी बैंकको नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति क्रमशः रु. ३,८०२.६६ मिलियन र रु. ३,१९५.३६ मिलियन रहेको छ, जुन पनि उच्चस्तरमा पर्दछ। यसले ती बैंकहरूमा जोखिमयुक्त ऋणको अनुपात वा ऋण असुलीको तीव्रता दर्शाउँछ।

मध्यम श्रेणीमा रहेका बैंकहरू, जस्तै कुमारी बैंक (रु. २,५३०.७५ मिलियन) र लक्ष्मी बैंक (रु. १,९१२.६१ मिलियन) ले मध्यमस्तरको नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति देखाएका छन्, जसले साना तथा मझौला व्यवसाय क्षेत्रतर्फको ऋणमा जोखिम संकेत गर्छ।

सबैभन्दा कम नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति रहेको बैंकहरूमा नेपाल बैंक लिमिटेड (NBL) (रु. २०४.११ मिलियन) र राष्ट्रिय वाणिज्य बैंक (RBB) (रु. ३१९.९५ मिलियन) रहेका छन्, जसले ती बैंकहरूको ऋण पोर्टफोलियो तुलनात्मक रूपमा सुरक्षित देखिएको संकेत दिन्छ।

विशेष रूपमा, स्ट्यान्डर्ड चार्टर्ड बैंक (SCBNL) ले कुनै पनि नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति नदेखाएकोले बैंकको उच्चस्तरीय क्रेडिट मूल्यांकन तथा जोखिम न्यून नीति भएको बुझिन्छ।

अन्य बैंकहरू, जस्तै प्राइम, सिटिजेन, एडिबीएल, र प्रभु बैंक को नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्ति रु. १,००० मिलियन देखि रु. २,३०० मिलियन को बीचमा देखिएको छ।

अन्त्यमा, वाणिज्य बैंकहरूमा नन बैंकिङ्ग सम्पत्तिको स्तर बैंकको आन्तरिक जोखिम, ऋण असुली क्षमता, तथा सम्पत्ति व्यवस्थापन क्षमतासँग प्रत्यक्ष जोडिएको छ। यस्ता सम्पत्तिको प्रभावकारी व्यवस्थापन नगरेमा भविष्यमा बैंकको नाफा र पूँजीमा गम्भीर असर पर्न सक्ने सम्भावना रहन्छ।

The latest data on non-banking assets (NBA) held by major commercial banks in Nepal highlights a mixed picture in asset quality and recovery practices across the banking sector. Non-banking assets typically represent properties or assets acquired by banks in lieu of defaulted loans—often a key indicator of credit risk management and asset recovery efforts.

Among the banks analyzed, Global IME Bank stands out with the highest volume of non-banking assets, amounting to Rs. 5,936.73 million, closely followed by Himalayan Bank Limited (HBL) at Rs. 5,318.96 million, and NIC Asia Bank at Rs. 4,668.54 million. These figures suggest that these banks have a significant number of default recoveries leading to asset acquisitions or potential write-offs, reflecting aggressive enforcement or default rates in their loan portfolios.

NABIL Bank and NMB Bank also maintain relatively high non-banking assets at Rs. 3,802.66 million and Rs. 3,195.36 million, respectively. While these may indicate effective recovery enforcement, they also raise concerns about underlying credit quality, especially if the trend continues over multiple periods.

Other banks like Kumari Bank (Rs. 2,530.75 million) and Laxmi Sunrise Bank (Rs. 1,912.61 million) report moderate levels of non-banking assets, which may reflect sectoral exposure risks such as real estate or SMEs facing financial stress.

At the lower end, Nepal Bank Limited (NBL) and Rastriya Banijya Bank (RBB) reported the smallest holdings, with Rs. 204.11 million and Rs. 319.95 million, respectively, implying stronger loan book performance or conservative lending and recovery practices. Notably, Standard Chartered Bank Nepal (SCBNL) reported no non-banking assets in this dataset, indicating either an exceptionally strong credit screening or zero default-related asset takeovers during the review period.

Meanwhile, mid-tier banks like Prime Commercial Bank, Citizen Bank, ADBL, and Prabhu Bank report NBA figures between Rs. 1,000 million to Rs. 2,300 million, highlighting the varied recovery practices and asset risks in the banking sector.

In conclusion, the volume of non-banking assets held by commercial banks in Nepal is a critical marker of their credit risk exposure and recovery capabilities. While high NBA may reflect proactive recovery, it can also indicate underlying stress in lending portfolios. Continuous monitoring and effective asset disposal strategies will be essential to prevent these from turning into non-performing burdens on the balance sheets.

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