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  1. News
  2. Investor
  3. Banks Focus More on Consumers and Traders, Less on Production Sector
उपभोक्ता र व्यापारीमै बढी बैंकको कर्जा : उत्पादन क्षेत्रमा अपेक्षित वृद्धि देखिएन
Investor
1 min read
Published on June 15, 2025
NEPSE TRADING

उपभोक्ता र व्यापारीमै बढी बैंकको कर्जा : उत्पादन क्षेत्रमा अपेक्षित वृद्धि देखिएनBanks Focus More on Consumers and Traders, Less on Production Sector

चालु आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ को पहिलो १० महिनामा नेपालका बैंक तथा वित्तीय संस्थाहरूले सबैभन्दा बढी कर्जा उपभोक्ता र होलसेलर (थोक व्यापारी) तथा रिटेलर (खुद्रा व्यापारी) क्षेत्रलाई प्रवाह गरेका छन्। नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले सार्वजनिक गरेको तथ्यांक अनुसार सो अवधिमा कुल कर्जामध्ये १९% उपभोक्ता ऋण र १८% होलसेल तथा रिटेल कारोबारमा गएको छ।

उक्त अवधिमा बैंकहरूले ५५ खर्ब २६ अर्ब रुपैयाँ कर्जा प्रवाह गरेका छन्। तीमध्ये ११ खर्ब २ अर्ब ४७ करोड उपभोक्ता कर्जाका लागि छुट्याइएको हो, जुन अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिको तुलनामा १२ प्रतिशतले बढी हो। गत आवमा यस क्षेत्रमा ९ खर्ब ७८ अर्ब २२ करोड कर्जा प्रवाह भएको थियो।

होलसेलर तथा रिटेलर क्षेत्रमा भने १० खर्ब ४८ अर्ब ४५ करोड रुपैयाँ कर्जा प्रवाह भएको छ। यो पनि अघिल्लो वर्षको तुलनामा ३.२८ प्रतिशतले बढी हो।

तर, उत्पादन र प्राथमिक क्षेत्रको प्राथमिकता भनेजति देखिएको छैन। कृषि, वनजंगल तथा बेभरेज सम्बन्धी क्षेत्रमा १७ प्रतिशत कर्जा (९ खर्ब ३९ अर्ब) प्रवाह भए पनि त्यो पनि दैनिक उपभोग्य सामग्रीमै केन्द्रित देखिन्छ। तथापि, यो पनि गत वर्षको तुलनामा १० प्रतिशत वृद्धि हो।

खनिज र मत्स्यपालन क्षेत्रमा कर्जा लगानी अझै न्यून छ। खनिज क्षेत्रमा जम्मा ०.२१ प्रतिशत (१२ अर्ब १४ करोड रुपैयाँ) र मत्स्यपालनमा ०.३० प्रतिशत (१६ अर्ब ७४ करोड रुपैयाँ) मात्रै लगानी भएको छ।

विश्लेषकहरूका अनुसार, उपभोक्ता कर्जा प्रवाह तुलनात्मक रूपमा सानो परिमाणको हुने भएकाले सङ्कलन सजिलो हुन्छ, र जोखिम पनि न्यून हुने भएकाले बैंकहरू यतातिर आकर्षित छन्। सरकार उत्पादनमुखी क्षेत्रमा लगानी बढाउन चाहन्छ, तर व्यावसायिक दृष्टिकोणले बैंकहरू अझै पनि कम जोखिम भएका उपभोग्य क्षेत्रमै केन्द्रित छन्।

समीक्षा अवधिमा कुल कर्जा प्रवाहमा ८ प्रतिशतको वृद्धि भएको छ, जुन अर्थतन्त्रमा केही सुधारको संकेत भए पनि प्राथमिक क्षेत्रको सन्तुलित प्रवाह अझै चुनौती बनेको देखिन्छ।

In the first 10 months of the current fiscal year 2081/82, banks and financial institutions (BFIs) in Nepal have channeled the majority of loans towards consumer financing and wholesale/retail traders. According to data from Nepal Rastra Bank, 19% of the total credit flow went to consumer loans, while 18% was directed toward wholesale and retail businesses.

During this period, BFIs disbursed a total of NPR 5.526 trillion in loans. Out of this, NPR 1.102 trillion was allocated to consumer lending, marking a 12% increase compared to the same period last fiscal year, when consumer loans stood at NPR 978.22 billion.

Similarly, the wholesale and retail sector received NPR 1.048 trillion in loans—up 3.28% from NPR 1.015 trillion in the corresponding period of the previous year.

Despite the government’s emphasis on prioritizing the productive sectors, loan allocation remains concentrated in daily consumables and luxury goods. Bankers argue that these loans carry lower risk, are usually of smaller amounts, and are easier to recover and disburse.

In the agriculture, forestry, and beverage sector, 17% of total loans—about NPR 939 billion—were invested, which is a 10% increase from NPR 850 billion last year.

Loan investments in the fisheries and mining sectors remain minimal. The fisheries sector received 0.30% of total loans (NPR 16.74 billion), while mining received just 0.21% (NPR 12.14 billion). Both sectors showed a slight increase compared to the previous year.

Overall, the total loan disbursement by BFIs grew by 8% in the review period, indicating some improvement in credit flow, though the distribution still remains tilted toward low-risk, non-productive sectors rather than long-term economic development drivers.

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