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  3. Foreign Exchange Reserves Reach Record High, Strengthening External Stability
विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति ऐतिहासिक उच्च तहमा, बाह्य क्षेत्र अझ सुरक्षित
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2 min read
Published on December 16, 2025
NEPSE TRADING

विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति ऐतिहासिक उच्च तहमा, बाह्य क्षेत्र अझ सुरक्षितForeign Exchange Reserves Reach Record High, Strengthening External Stability

२०८२ असार मसान्तमा रु. २,६७७ अर्ब ६८ करोड बराबर रहेको कुल विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति १४.१ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई २०८२ कात्तिक मसान्तमा रु. ३,०५५ अर्ब ५२ करोड पुगेको छ। अमेरिकी डलरमा हेर्दा, असार मसान्तमा १९ अर्ब ५० करोड डलर रहेको सञ्चिति कात्तिक मसान्तमा १०.३ प्रतिशतले बढेर २१ अर्ब ५२ करोड डलर पुगेको छ।

अर्थविद्हरूका अनुसार विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चितिमा आएको यो तीव्र वृद्धिले देशको बाह्य क्षेत्रको जोखिम घटाएको छ। उच्च आयात, सेवा खाताको घाटा र विश्व अर्थतन्त्रमा अनिश्चितता कायमै रहे पनि पर्याप्त सञ्चितिले नेपाललाई बाह्य झट्काबाट जोगाउने सुरक्षा कवचको काम गरेको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ।

कुल विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चितिमध्ये नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकमा रहेको सञ्चिति प्रमुख हिस्सा ओगटेको छ। २०८२ असार मसान्तमा रु. २,४१४ अर्ब ६४ करोड रहेको राष्ट्र बैंकको सञ्चिति कात्तिक मसान्तमा १२.८ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई रु. २,७२४ अर्ब ६६ करोड पुगेको छ। यसले केन्द्रीय बैंकको विदेशी मुद्रा व्यवस्थापन क्षमता अझ बलियो बनेको संकेत गर्छ।

त्यस्तै, बैंक तथा वित्तीय संस्थाहरू (नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकबाहेक) सँग रहेको विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति पनि उल्लेखनीय रूपमा बढेको छ। असार मसान्तमा रु. २६३ अर्ब ४ करोड रहेको यस्तो सञ्चिति कात्तिक मसान्तमा २५.८ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई रु. ३३० अर्ब ८५ करोड पुगेको छ। यसले निजी बैंकिङ प्रणालीमा समेत विदेशी मुद्राको उपलब्धता बढेको देखाउँछ।

२०८२ कात्तिक मसान्तको कुल विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चितिमा भारतीय मुद्राको हिस्सा २१.९ प्रतिशत रहेको छ। भारतसँगको व्यापक व्यापारिक सम्बन्ध र सीमा पार कारोबारको सन्दर्भमा भारतीय मुद्राको ठूलो हिस्सा स्वाभाविक मानिएको छ।

समग्रमा, पछिल्लो चार महिनाको तथ्याङ्कले नेपालको विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति सुदृढ अवस्थामा पुगेको स्पष्ट देखाउँछ। यद्यपि, विज्ञहरू विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति बढ्नु सकारात्मक भए पनि दीर्घकालीन रूपमा यसको दिगोपनाका लागि निर्यात विस्तार, सेवा आय वृद्धि र प्रत्यक्ष वैदेशिक लगानी आकर्षण अपरिहार्य रहेको बताउँछन्। विप्रेषणमा आधारित सञ्चिति मात्रले दीर्घकालीन आर्थिक स्थायित्व सुनिश्चित गर्न नसक्ने भएकाले संरचनात्मक सुधारमा जोड दिनुपर्ने उनीहरूको धारणा छ।

Nepal’s foreign exchange reserves rose sharply in the first four months of fiscal year 2082/83 (up to mid-November 2025), reaching a historic high and significantly strengthening the country’s external position. According to data released by Nepal Rastra Bank, strong remittance inflows and a large balance of payments surplus have provided a solid cushion against external risks.

As of mid-November 2025, total foreign exchange reserves stood at Rs 3,055.52 billion, up 14.1 percent from Rs 2,677.68 billion recorded at the end of mid-July 2025. In US dollar terms, reserves increased by 10.3 percent, rising from USD 19.50 billion to USD 21.52 billion over the same period.

Economists say the rapid accumulation of reserves has significantly reduced Nepal’s vulnerability to external shocks. Despite continued pressure from high imports and service-sector outflows, the strong reserve position has improved confidence in the country’s ability to meet external payment obligations and manage exchange-rate stability.

A major portion of the reserves is held by the central bank. Foreign exchange reserves at Nepal Rastra Bank increased by 12.8 percent to Rs 2,724.66 billion by mid-November, up from Rs 2,414.64 billion at the end of mid-July. This rise reflects stronger foreign currency inflows and prudent reserve management by the central bank.

At the same time, foreign exchange holdings of banks and financial institutions (excluding Nepal Rastra Bank) rose even faster, increasing by 25.8 percent to Rs 330.85 billion from Rs 263.04 billion over the same period. Analysts view this as a sign of improved liquidity in the banking system and greater availability of foreign currency in the private financial sector.

The composition of reserves also highlights Nepal’s close economic ties with its southern neighbor. As of mid-November, the Indian rupee accounted for 21.9 percent of total foreign exchange reserves, reflecting Nepal’s heavy trade dependence on India and the widespread use of the Indian currency in cross-border transactions.

Overall, the latest data show that Nepal’s foreign exchange reserves are at their strongest level in recent years, providing important macroeconomic stability. However, experts caution that the buildup of reserves remains largely remittance-driven. For long-term sustainability, they stress the need to expand exports, increase service earnings and attract foreign investment, so that reserve growth is supported by productive economic activity rather than continued reliance on overseas labor income alone.

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