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  1. News
  2. Investor
  3. Monetary Policy: Essential for Economic Stability and Expansion
मौद्रिक नीति: अर्थतन्त्रको स्थायित्व र विस्तारको लागि आवश्यक नीति
Investor
1 min read
Published on July 18, 2024
Dipesh Ghimire

मौद्रिक नीति: अर्थतन्त्रको स्थायित्व र विस्तारको लागि आवश्यक नीति Monetary Policy: Essential for Economic Stability and Expansion

मौद्रिक नीतिले ब्याजदर, कर्जा प्रवाह, र अर्थतन्त्रमा ‘मनि सप्लाई’ जस्ता महत्त्वपूर्ण आर्थिक सूचकहरू निर्धारण गर्दछ। यसले ब्याजदरलाई प्रभावित गर्ने भएकाले कर्जाको संकुचन हुने गर्छ।

मौद्रिक नीतिका उद्देश्यहरू

हाम्रो जस्तो मुलुकका लागि मौद्रिक नीतिका केही प्रमुख उद्देश्यहरू छन्:

1. बाह्य क्षेत्रको व्यवस्थापन: व्यापार घाटा र शोधानान्तरलाई कम गर्न विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति वाञ्छनीय अवस्थामा राख्नुपर्छ।

2. मुद्रास्फिति नियन्त्रण: मूल्य स्थायीत्व र बाह्य क्षेत्रको व्यवस्थापन गर्नुपर्छ।

3. आर्थिक स्थायित्व कायम राख्नु: आर्थिक क्रियाकलाप विस्तारमा सहयोग पुर्याउन देशको केन्द्रीय बैंकले तर्जुमा गर्ने नीति नै मौद्रिक नीति हो।

मौद्रिक नीतिको तर्जुमा

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले मौद्रिक नीति तयार गर्दा केही प्राविधिक प्रक्रियाहरू पूरा गर्ने गर्दछ:

1. सरोकारवालासँग राय, सुझाव संकलन: प्राप्त सुझावहरूलाई अन्तर विभागीय समन्वय समितिमा छलफल हुन्छ।

2. व्यवस्थापन समितिमा छलफल: गभर्नरको अध्यक्षतामा रहेको समितिमा छलफल गरी अन्तिम रुप दिने काम राष्ट्र बैंकको सञ्चालक समितिले गर्ने गर्दछ।

मौद्रिक नीति तयार गर्दा विचार गरिने पक्षहरू

1. अहिलेको अर्थतन्त्रको अवस्था: देशको आर्थिक परिसूचकहरू र अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय अर्थतन्त्रको अवस्था।

2. घटनाक्रम र दवावहरू: राष्ट्रिय तथा अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय परिसूचकहरूमा उत्पन्न परिस्थितिहरू।

मौद्रिक नीतिको समीक्षा

पछिल्लो ५ वर्षदेखि नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले त्रैमासिक रूपमा मौद्रिक नीतिको समीक्षा गर्दै आएको छ। प्रारम्भमा यो वार्षिक रूपमा हुने गर्थ्यो, तर अर्थतन्त्रमा छिटो-छिटो परिवर्तन हुने भएकाले त्रैमासिक समीक्षा गर्न थालिएको हो। मुद्रास्फिति, भू–राजनीतिक कारण, विप्रेषण आप्रवाहमा पर्ने असर, र बैंकहरूको निक्षेप प्रभावित हुने हुँदा त्यसको समायोजनका लागि यो कदम उठाइएको हो।

निष्कर्ष

मौद्रिक नीतिले देशको आर्थिक स्थायित्व र विस्तारमा महत्त्वपूर्ण भूमिका खेल्छ। ब्याजदर, कर्जा प्रवाह, र मनि सप्लाई जस्ता सूचकहरूलाई प्रभाव पारेर आर्थिक गतिविधिहरूलाई स्थायित्व प्रदान गर्न यो नीति आवश्यक छ। नियमित समीक्षा र समायोजनका माध्यमबाट नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले अर्थतन्त्रलाई सही मार्गमा राख्न प्रयास गरिरहेको छ।

---

तपाईंको राय के छ ?

मौद्रिक नीतिको तर्जुमा र यसको प्रभावलाई कसरी हेर्नुहुन्छ? यसले नेपालको अर्थतन्त्रमा कस्तो भूमिका खेल्न सक्छ? तपाईंको विचार तल लेख्न सक्नुहुन्छ।

Monetary policy determines important economic indicators such as interest rates, credit flow, and money supply in the economy. Since it influences interest rates, it impacts the contraction of credit.

Objectives of Monetary Policy

For a country like ours, the primary objectives of monetary policy include:

  1. External Sector Management: Maintaining a desirable level of foreign exchange reserves to reduce trade deficits and balance of payments issues.

  2. Inflation Control: Ensuring price stability and managing the external sector effectively.

  3. Maintaining Economic Stability: The central bank formulates policies to support the expansion of economic activities, ensuring overall stability.

Formulation of Monetary Policy

When the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) prepares monetary policy, it follows several technical procedures:

  1. Gathering Feedback and Suggestions from Stakeholders: Suggestions received are discussed in the Interdepartmental Coordination Committee.

  2. Discussion in the Management Committee: The final version is approved by the NRB's board of directors after discussion in the committee chaired by the governor.

Considerations in Monetary Policy Formulation

  1. Current Economic Condition: The state of the country's economic indicators and the international economic environment.

  2. Events and Pressures: Situations arising from national and international indicators.

Review of Monetary Policy

For the past five years, the Nepal Rastra Bank has been reviewing its monetary policy on a quarterly basis. Initially, this review was conducted annually, but due to rapid economic changes, a quarterly review was initiated. Factors such as inflation, geopolitical issues, the impact on remittance inflows, and the influence on bank deposits necessitated this adjustment.

Conclusion

Monetary policy plays a crucial role in ensuring economic stability and expansion. By affecting indicators like interest rates, credit flow, and money supply, it stabilizes economic activities. Through regular reviews and adjustments, the Nepal Rastra Bank strives to keep the economy on the right track.


What Are Your Thoughts?

How do you view the formulation and impact of monetary policy? What role do you think it plays in Nepal's economy? You can share your thoughts below.

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