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  1. News
  2. Investor
  3. Nepal Rastra Bank Warns of Challenges from Rising Non-Performing Loans and Declining Capit...
नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको चेतावनी: निष्क्रिय कर्जा र घट्दो पुँजी पर्याप्तताले वित्तीय प्रणालीमा चुनौती
Investor
1 min read
Published on April 24, 2025
NEPSE trading

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकको चेतावनी: निष्क्रिय कर्जा र घट्दो पुँजी पर्याप्तताले वित्तीय प्रणालीमा चुनौतीNepal Rastra Bank Warns of Challenges from Rising Non-Performing Loans and Declining Capital Adequacy

नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले वित्तीय प्रणालीमा बढ्दो निष्क्रिय कर्जा र क्रमिक रूपमा घट्दो पुँजी पर्याप्तता अनुपातले चुनौती सिर्जना गरेको जनाएको छ। आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ को फाइनान्सियल स्टाबिलिटी रिपोर्ट सार्वजनिक गर्दै केन्द्रीय बैंकले यस्तो बताएको हो।

रिपोर्टअनुसार, आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ मा बैंकहरूको निष्क्रिय कर्जा अनुपात ३.८६ प्रतिशत पुगेको छ, जुन २०८१ चैत मसान्तसम्म ५ प्रतिशतभन्दा माथि पुगिसकेको छ। निष्क्रिय कर्जा वृद्धिले बैंकहरूको नाफा ७.२२ प्रतिशतले घटेर ७१.४३ अर्ब रुपैयाँमा सीमित भएको छ।

विश्वव्यापी आर्थिक वृद्धि सन् २०२४ मा ३.२ प्रतिशत रहँदा नेपालको अर्थतन्त्रले पनि पुनरुत्थानको संकेत देखाएको छ। आर्थिक वर्ष २०८०/८१ मा नेपालको अर्थतन्त्र ३.८७ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भएको छ, जुन सेवा क्षेत्रको विस्तार, कृषि र ऊर्जा उत्पादनमा भएको सुधारले सम्भव भएको रिपोर्टमा उल्लेख छ।

राष्ट्र बैंकका अनुसार, उपभोक्ता मूल्य सूचकांकमा आधारित मुद्रास्फीति ३.५७ प्रतिशतमा कायम रहेको छ। यो लक्ष्यभन्दा केही माथि भए पनि गैर–खाद्य मुद्रास्फीति घट्दै गएकाले समग्र मुद्रास्फीति नियन्त्रणमा आएको छ। विप्रेषण आप्रवाहमा १६.५ प्रतिशतको वृद्धि, सकारात्मक भुक्तानी सन्तुलन र वैदेशिक मुद्रा सञ्चितिको वृद्धिले वाह्य क्षेत्र बलियो बनेको छ।

केन्द्रीय बैंकको लचिलो मौद्रिक नीतिले वित्तीय प्रणालीमा तरलता कायम राखेको छ। विस्तृत मुद्राप्रदाय र निक्षेपमा १३ प्रतिशत तथा निजी क्षेत्रको कर्जामा ५.८ प्रतिशत वृद्धि भएको छ। डिजिटल भुक्तानी प्रणालीहरू जस्तै रियल टाइम ग्रस सेटलमेन्ट, कनेक्ट आईपीएस र पोनपेमा प्रयोग बढ्दै गएको छ।

रिपोर्टले सबै स्थानीय तहमा बैंकको उपस्थितिले वित्तीय पहुँच विस्तार भएको उल्लेख गर्दै प्रणालीगत जोखिमहरू कायम रहेको जनाएको छ। ‘वित्तीय प्रणाली स्थिर राख्न नियामक निकायहरूले सावधानीपूर्वक निगरानी र सक्रिय पहल गर्नुपर्छ,’ प्रतिवेदनमा भनिएको छ।

Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) has highlighted rising non-performing loans (NPLs) and a continuous decline in capital adequacy ratio as major challenges to the financial system. Releasing the Financial Stability Report for FY 2080/81 (2023/24), the central bank noted that while the financial system remains robust, these issues pose significant risks.

According to the report, the NPL ratio of banks reached 3.86% in FY 2080/81 and has crossed 5% by the end of Chaitra 2081 (March 2025). The rise in NPLs has reduced banks’ profits by 7.22%, limiting their net profit to NPR 71.43 billion in the fiscal year.

Globally, economic growth stabilized at 3.2% in 2024, and Nepal’s economy showed signs of recovery. The report states that Nepal’s economy grew by 3.87% in FY 2080/81, driven by expansion in the service sector, agriculture, and energy production.

The consumer price index-based inflation remained at 3.57% in FY 2080/81, slightly above the target but showing a declining trend. Declining non-food inflation has contributed to this improvement. A 16.5% increase in remittance inflows, a positive balance of payments, and rising foreign exchange reserves have strengthened Nepal’s external sector, signaling economic stability.

NRB’s cautious yet flexible monetary policy has maintained liquidity in the financial system. Broad money supply and deposits grew by 13%, while private sector credit expanded by 5.8%. Digital payment systems, including Real Time Gross Settlement, Connect IPS, and PhonePay, have seen increased adoption.

The report notes that banking presence in all local levels has expanded financial access. However, systemic risks persist. “To maintain financial stability, regulatory bodies must ensure vigilant monitoring and proactive measures,” the report emphasizes.

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