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  3. Nepal's Foreign Exchange Reserves Surge to All-Time High in FY 2024/25
विनिमय सञ्चितिमा ऐतिहासिक वृद्धिः मध्य-चैत २०८१ सम्ममा २४ खर्ब नाघ्यो
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2 min read
Published on May 11, 2025
Nepsetrading

विनिमय सञ्चितिमा ऐतिहासिक वृद्धिः मध्य-चैत २०८१ सम्ममा २४ खर्ब नाघ्योNepal's Foreign Exchange Reserves Surge to All-Time High in FY 2024/25

नेपालले पछिल्ला वर्षहरूमा आफ्नो बाह्य आर्थिक स्थायित्वमा उल्लेखनीय सुधार देखाएको छ, जसको प्रमुख प्रमाण विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चितिमा लगातार भइरहेको वृद्धि हो । नेपाल राष्ट्र बैंकले प्रकाशित गरेको तथ्यांक अनुसार, आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ को मध्य-चैतसम्म कुल विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चिति ऐतिहासिक रूपमा २४ खर्ब २६ अर्ब रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ । अघिल्लो वर्षको सोही अवधिमा यो रकम १९ खर्ब ११ अर्ब रुपैयाँ मात्र थियो । एकै वर्षको अवधिमा ५ खर्ब १५ अर्ब रुपैयाँभन्दा बढी वृद्धिले विप्रेषणको उच्च प्रवाह, आयातमा कम दबाब, र सावधानीपूर्वक विनिमय व्यवस्थापन नीतिको सफलता देखाउँछ ।

अमेरिकी डलरमा हेर्दा पनि सञ्चिति उल्लेखनीय रूपमा बढेको छ । मध्य-चैत २०८१ मा कुल सञ्चिति १७.६३ अर्ब अमेरिकी डलर पुगेको छ, जुन अघिल्लो वर्षको १४.३६ अर्ब डलरको तुलनामा लगभग ३.३ अर्ब डलरले वृद्धि हो । यो वृद्धिले नेपालको भुक्तानी सन्तुलनमा सुधार, विदेशी लगानीकर्ताको भरोसा, र समग्र अर्थतन्त्रमा पुनःस्थापनाको संकेत गर्दछ । महामारी अघिको २०१९/२० को ११.६५ अर्ब डलरको सञ्चितिसँग तुलना गर्दा अहिलेको वृद्धि निकै उत्साहजनक छ ।

वर्षगत रूपमा हेर्दा, आर्थिक वर्ष २०७८/७९ मा सञ्चितिमा गिरावट आएको थियो, जब सञ्चिति रुपैंयामा घटेर १२ खर्ब १५ अर्ब र डलरमा ९.५१ अर्बमा झरेको थियो । यसको प्रमुख कारण उच्च आयात बिल र सुस्त विप्रेषण प्रवाह थियो । तर २०७९/८० बाट पुनः सुधारको क्रम सुरु भयो, जब नीतिगत सुधार र आयात नियन्त्रणसँगै सञ्चिति क्रमशः १५.३९ खर्ब रुपैयाँ र ११.७१ अर्ब डलरमा पुगेको हो ।

२०८०/८१ मा सञ्चिति झनै उच्च हुँदै २०.४१ खर्ब रुपैयाँ पुग्यो र त्यसपछि मध्य-चैतमा यो केही घटेर १९.११ खर्बमा झरेको देखिन्छ । सम्भवत: आयात भुक्तानी वा ऋण चुक्ता जस्ता कारणहरूले गर्दा अस्थायी गिरावट आएको हो । तर २०८१/८२ मा यो पुनः बढेर हालसम्मकै उच्च विन्दुमा पुगेको छ ।

यो तथ्यांकले नेपालको बाह्य क्षेत्र सुदृढ र स्थिर हुँदै गएको संकेत गर्दछ । विदेशी विनिमय सञ्चितिको वृद्धि बाह्य झट्काबाट जोगिन, आवश्यक आयातलाई सहज बनाउने, र विदेशी ऋण तिर्ने क्षमतालाई बढाउने दिशामा सकारात्मक सूचक हो । मौद्रिक नीति, विप्रेषण, पर्यटन र सेवा क्षेत्रको सुदृढताले यस्तो उपलब्धि सम्भव भएको हो ।

Nepal has witnessed a significant strengthening of its external financial stability, as reflected in the continuous rise of its gross foreign exchange reserves. According to the latest data, the gross foreign exchange reserves reached a historic high of Rs. 2,426.8 billion by mid-April 2024/25, a sharp rise from Rs. 1,911.9 billion in mid-April 2023/24. This impressive growth of over Rs. 514.9 billion within a single fiscal year underscores a robust inflow of remittances, reduced import pressure, and cautious foreign currency expenditure policies implemented by Nepal Rastra Bank.

In dollar terms, the foreign exchange reserves stood at USD 17.63 billion as of mid-April 2024/25, up from USD 14.36 billion recorded during the same period in the previous fiscal year. This nearly USD 3.3 billion increase highlights the improved balance of payments position and growing investor confidence in Nepal’s economy. Compared to the pre-pandemic level of USD 11.65 billion in 2019/20, this surge indicates Nepal's gradual recovery from global shocks, including the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent economic disruptions.

Analyzing the annual trends, Nepal experienced a slight decline in reserves during FY 2021/22, when rupee-denominated reserves fell to Rs. 1,215.8 billion and dollar reserves dropped significantly to USD 9.51 billion—the lowest in the given timeline. This drop was primarily due to higher import bills and sluggish remittance inflows during the recovery phase post-COVID. However, a strong rebound began in FY 2022/23 with reserves increasing to Rs. 1,539.4 billion and USD 11.71 billion, fueled by policy corrections and tightening of import controls.

The most substantial jump occurred between FY 2022/23 and FY 2023/24, with gross reserves in local currency terms growing from Rs. 1,539.4 billion to Rs. 2,041.1 billion by year-end—a clear indicator of increased foreign currency accumulation. The mid-year adjustment for FY 2023/24 shows a slight drop to Rs. 1,911.9 billion, suggesting short-term fluctuations, possibly due to payments for imported goods or debt servicing, but the momentum resumed strongly in FY 2024/25.

Overall, the data paints a positive picture of Nepal’s external sector health, driven by prudent monetary policies, sustained remittance inflows, and improved tourism and service sector performance. The growing reserves not only provide a cushion against external shocks but also enhance Nepal's ability to fund imports and repay foreign debt, thereby boosting macroeconomic stability and investor sentiment.

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