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  3. Nepal’s Foreign Trade Surges with Record-Breaking Export Growth in FY 2024/25
भारततर्फको निर्यात दोब्बर, वैदेशिक व्यापारमा ऐतिहासिक सुधार
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2 min read
Published on July 9, 2025
NEPSE TRADING

भारततर्फको निर्यात दोब्बर, वैदेशिक व्यापारमा ऐतिहासिक सुधारNepal’s Foreign Trade Surges with Record-Breaking Export Growth in FY 2024/25

काठमाण्डौ, असार २५ – चालु आर्थिक वर्ष २०८१/८२ को पहिलो ११ महिनामा नेपालको कुल निर्यात झण्डै ७८ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई २ खर्ब ४७ अर्ब रुपैयाँ नाघेको छ। राष्ट्र बैंकले सार्वजनिक गरेको पछिल्लो तथ्याङ्क अनुसार अघिल्लो वर्ष निर्यात घटेको अवस्थामा यो वर्षको प्रगति ऐतिहासिक देखिएको छ।

भारततर्फको व्यापारले ताने निर्यातको आँकडा

निर्यात वृद्धिको सबैभन्दा ठूलो हिस्सा भारतसँगको व्यापारले ओगटेको छ। २०८०/८१ को सोही अवधिमा भारततर्फ ९४ अर्ब ५१ करोड रुपैयाँ बराबरको वस्तु निर्यात भएकोमा यस वर्ष ११२.६ प्रतिशतको तीव्र वृद्धिसहित यो आँकडा २ खर्ब ८ अर्ब रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ।

नेपालबाट विद्युत्, वनस्पति घ्यू, अदुवा, अलैंची लगायतका वस्तुको निर्यातमा तीव्र वृद्धि भएको देखिएको छ। दुई देशबीचको व्यापार सहजता, सीमामा पूर्वाधार विस्तार र केही नीतिगत सुधारहरूले पनि यस वृद्धिमा टेवा पुर्‍याएको अर्थशास्त्रीहरूले बताएका छन्।

चीन र अन्य मुलुकतर्फ सन्तुलित व्यापार प्रवृत्ति

चीनतर्फ निर्यात अघिल्लो वर्षको तुलनामा ५७.७ प्रतिशतले बढेपनि यो वर्ष वृद्धि दर ३ प्रतिशतमा सीमित भएको छ। यस्तै, अन्य तेस्रो मुलुकहरूमा निर्यात ४.४ प्रतिशतले बढेर ४४ अर्ब १९ करोड पुगेको छ। यद्यपि, निर्यातको ८० प्रतिशतभन्दा बढी हिस्सा भारततर्फ नै केन्द्रित रहेकाले नेपालको व्यापार सन्तुलन अझै पनि एकदेशीय भरमा देखिएको छ।

आयात पनि बढ्यो, तर संयमित दरमा

यता, कुल आयातमा पनि १३.१ प्रतिशतले वृद्धि भई १६ खर्ब ४४ अर्ब रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ। अघिल्लो वर्षको समान अवधिमा यो रकम १४ खर्ब ५३ अर्ब रुपैयाँ थियो। मुख्यतः पेट्रोलियम पदार्थ, गाडी, मेसिनरी, विद्युतीय उपकरण र खाद्यान्नको आयात बढेको देखिन्छ।

यद्यपि निर्यातमा तीव्र वृद्धि भएको हुँदा कुल व्यापार घाटामा सापेक्ष सुधार देखिएको छ। यो प्रवृत्तिले आयात-निर्यात सन्तुलनतर्फको दीर्घकालीन रणनीतिलाई बल पुर्‍याउने विश्लेषकहरूको भनाइ छ।

नीति सुधार र उत्पादन वृद्धिमै आगामी रणनीति

सरकारले निर्यातमुखी उद्योगहरूको प्रवर्द्धनका लागि ल्याएका नीतिहरू प्रभावकारी भएको देखिएको छ। तथापि, निर्यातको मात्रा र गन्तव्य विविधीकरण गर्नुपर्ने चुनौती कायमै छ।

अबको नीति घरेलु उत्पादन क्षमताको वृद्धि, गुणस्तरीय निर्यात सामग्री उत्पादन, अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय बजारको खोजी, र निर्यात प्रोत्साहनमा केन्द्रित हुनुपर्ने विज्ञहरूको सुझाव छ।

Kathmandu, July 9 – Nepal has witnessed a significant shift in its foreign trade landscape during the first eleven months of the fiscal year 2024/25, with exports soaring by 77.8% compared to the same period last fiscal year. According to data released by the Nepal Rastra Bank, total exports surged to Rs. 247.57 billion, a historic high, reversing the previous year’s declining trend.

Exports to India Lead the Growth

A closer examination reveals that exports to India were the primary driver of this impressive growth. During the first eleven months of 2024/25, Nepal exported goods worth Rs. 200.89 billion to India, up a staggering 112.6% from Rs. 94.52 billion in the same period of 2023/24. This surge not only offset the previous year’s 4.5% decline but also more than doubled the export volume.

This unprecedented rise is attributed to increased demand for electricity, refined palm oil, cardamom, and other key exports. Improved trade logistics and favorable bilateral agreements between Nepal and India also appear to have facilitated the sharp boost.

Mixed Trends with China and Other Countries

Exports to China, which had jumped 57.7% last fiscal year, showed a much more modest rise of 3.0% this year, reaching Rs. 2.48 billion. Similarly, exports to other countries experienced a mild rebound, increasing by 4.4% to Rs. 44.19 billion after a 1.7% dip in the prior year. While the growth is positive, the figures still reflect Nepal’s continued overdependence on the Indian market.

Imports Continue to Rise, But at a Controlled Pace

On the import side, Nepal spent Rs. 1.64 trillion in the first eleven months of 2024/25 — a 13.1% increase compared to Rs. 1.45 trillion in the same period of 2023/24. Although still substantial, the growth rate is moderate compared to previous years, suggesting a partial easing of import pressure.

Key imports included petroleum products, vehicles, machinery, electronics, and food items. However, the trade deficit remains wide, underlining Nepal’s long-standing structural imbalance in international trade.

Trade Deficit Narrows in Relative Terms

Despite rising imports, the significant surge in exports has had a stabilizing impact on Nepal’s trade balance. While the absolute trade deficit remains high, the relative growth in exports has improved the export-import ratio. This development is particularly encouraging for policymakers aiming to reduce dependency on foreign goods and boost domestic production.

Policy Implications and the Road Ahead

The government and the central bank are likely to view this export boost as a validation of recent efforts to promote export-oriented industries. The significant growth to India also signals the importance of maintaining stable diplomatic and trade relations with the southern neighbor.

However, Nepal must diversify its export base beyond India and low-value products. Investments in industrial productivity, export incentives, infrastructure, and quality control mechanisms will be crucial for sustaining and expanding this momentum.

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