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  1. News
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  3. Retail Investor Participation Surges as Margin Lending Crosses Rs 159 Billion
साना लगानीकर्ताको सहभागिता बढ्दै, शेयर धितो कर्जा १ खर्ब ५९ अर्ब नाघ्यो
Investor
2 min read
Updated on May 13, 2026
NEPSE TRADING

साना लगानीकर्ताको सहभागिता बढ्दै, शेयर धितो कर्जा १ खर्ब ५९ अर्ब नाघ्योRetail Investor Participation Surges as Margin Lending Crosses Rs 159 Billion

Nepal Rastra Bank को पछिल्लो तथ्यांकले नेपाली शेयर बजारमा साना तथा नयाँ लगानीकर्ताको सहभागिता तीव्र रूपमा बढिरहेको संकेत गरेको छ । चालु आर्थिक वर्ष २०८२/८३ को चैत मसान्तसम्म २५ लाख रुपैयाँभन्दा कमको शेयर धितो कर्जा ४७.२ प्रतिशतले बढेको छ, जुन सबै वर्गमध्ये उच्च वृद्धि हो ।

राष्ट्र बैंकका अनुसार गत असारसम्म ८ अर्ब १७ करोड ८४ लाख रुपैयाँ रहेको २५ लाखमुनिको शेयर धितो कर्जा चैत मसान्तसम्म बढेर १२ अर्ब ३ करोड ५९ लाख रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ । केवल नौ महिनाको अवधिमा यस शीर्षकमा ३ अर्ब ८५ करोड ७४ लाख रुपैयाँ थपिएको देखिएको छ ।

विश्लेषकहरूका अनुसार बैंक ब्याजदर घट्दै जानु, बजारमा अधिक तरलता रहनु तथा कर्जामा सहज पहुँच विस्तार हुनुले मध्यम तथा साना लगानीकर्तालाई शेयर बजारतर्फ आकर्षित गरेको हो । पछिल्लो समय अनलाइन कारोबार प्रणाली र मोबाइल ट्रेडिङको पहुँच विस्तारले पनि नयाँ लगानीकर्ताको प्रवेश बढाएको बताइएको छ ।

यद्यपि, साना कर्जाको वृद्धि तीव्र देखिए पनि कुल शेयर धितो कर्जामा भने अझै ठूला लगानीकर्ताकै वर्चस्व कायम रहेको छ । राष्ट्र बैंकको तथ्यांकअनुसार १ करोड रुपैयाँभन्दा माथिको शेयर धितो कर्जा मात्रै १ खर्ब ९ अर्ब ९५ करोड ४० लाख रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ, जुन कुल मार्जिन कर्जाको करिब ६९ प्रतिशत हो ।

त्यस्तै, ५० लाखदेखि १ करोड रुपैयाँसम्मको कर्जा १४ प्रतिशतले बढेर १८ अर्ब २६ करोड ६९ लाख रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ भने २५ लाखदेखि ५० लाख रुपैयाँसम्मको कर्जा ९.५ प्रतिशतले बढेर १९ अर्ब २३ करोड १७ लाख रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ ।

समग्रमा चैत मसान्तसम्म कुल शेयर धितो कर्जा १ खर्ब ५९ अर्ब ४८ करोड ८३ लाख रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ । गत असारमा यस्तो कर्जा १ खर्ब ४० अर्ब ७० करोड २१ लाख रुपैयाँ रहेको थियो । यसरी नौ महिनामा मात्रै १८ अर्ब ७८ करोड ६२ लाख रुपैयाँ थप कर्जा बजारमा प्रवाह भएको देखिएको छ ।

राष्ट्र बैंकले सार्वजनिक गरेको तुलनात्मक विवरणअनुसार अघिल्लो आर्थिक वर्षको पहिलो नौ महिनामा शेयर धितो कर्जा ३७.८ प्रतिशतले बढेको थियो । चालु वर्षमा वृद्धिदर १३.४ प्रतिशतमा सीमित देखिए पनि कुल कर्जाको आकार भने ऐतिहासिक उचाइमा पुगेको छ ।

विश्लेषकहरूका अनुसार व्यक्तिगत शेयर धितो कर्जाको सीमा हटाइनु, मौद्रिक नीतिमा लचकता आउनु तथा बैंकिङ प्रणालीमा अधिक तरलता कायम रहनुले बजारमा कर्जा विस्तारलाई टेवा दिएको हो । हाल बैंकहरूले सूचीकृत कम्पनीको १८० दिनको औसत मूल्य वा बजार मूल्यमा जुन कम हुन्छ, त्यसको ७० प्रतिशतसम्म कर्जा दिने गरेका छन् ।

तर, कर्जा प्रवाह तीव्र रूपमा बढे पनि Nepal Stock Exchange परिसूचकमा सोही अनुपातको सुधार देखिएको छैन । राजनीतिक अन्योल, आर्थिक सुस्तता र लगानीकर्ताको कमजोर मनोविज्ञानका कारण बजार अझै स्थायी रूपमा बुलिस लयमा फर्किन सकेको छैन ।

बजार जानकारहरूका अनुसार पछिल्लो तथ्यांकले बजारको आधार विस्तार भइरहेको संकेत गरे पनि कुल लगानीको ठूलो हिस्सा अझै सीमित ठूला लगानीकर्ताकै नियन्त्रणमा रहेकाले बजारको दिशा उनीहरूको गतिविधिबाट प्रभावित हुने अवस्था कायम रहेको देखिएको छ ।

The latest data published by the Nepal Rastra Bank show a sharp rise in the participation of small and first-time investors in Nepal’s stock market. Share-backed loans of less than Rs 2.5 million increased by 47.2 percent by the end of Chaitra in the current fiscal year 2082/83, marking the highest growth among all categories of margin lending.

According to the central bank, margin loans below Rs 2.5 million increased from Rs 8.17 billion in mid-July to Rs 12.03 billion by mid-April. In just nine months, an additional Rs 3.85 billion in lending flowed into this category.

Analysts say the trend reflects growing participation from middle-class and retail investors in the secondary market. Falling bank interest rates, comfortable liquidity conditions and easier access to margin loans are believed to have encouraged more small investors to enter the stock market. Expansion of online trading systems and mobile-based trading platforms has also contributed to the rise in new investor participation.

Despite the rapid growth in smaller loans, large investors still continue to dominate the overall margin lending structure. Central bank data show that share-backed loans above Rs 10 million reached Rs 109.95 billion, accounting for nearly 69 percent of total margin lending in the market.

Similarly, loans ranging between Rs 5 million and Rs 10 million increased by 14 percent to Rs 18.26 billion, while loans between Rs 2.5 million and Rs 5 million rose by 9.5 percent to Rs 19.23 billion during the review period.

Overall, total share-backed lending reached Rs 159.48 billion by the end of Chaitra, compared to Rs 140.70 billion in mid-July. This means more than Rs 18.78 billion in additional margin credit entered the market within nine months.

According to comparative data released by the Nepal Rastra Bank, share-backed lending had grown by 37.8 percent during the first nine months of the previous fiscal year. Although the growth rate this year slowed to 13.4 percent, the total size of margin lending has now reached a historic high.

Market analysts believe the removal of individual margin loan limits, greater flexibility in monetary policy and excess liquidity in the banking system have all supported the expansion of lending toward the stock market. Banks are currently allowed to provide loans of up to 70 percent of either the 180-day average price or prevailing market price of listed shares, whichever is lower.

However, despite the rapid increase in margin lending, the benchmark Nepal Stock Exchange index has not improved at the same pace. Political uncertainty, sluggish economic activity and weak investor sentiment continue to prevent the market from entering a sustained bullish phase.

Analysts say the latest figures point toward two important realities. First, rising participation from small investors suggests that the base of Nepal’s stock market is gradually expanding. Second, because the majority of total market leverage still remains concentrated among large investors, overall market direction continues to be heavily influenced by their trading activity.

Under current regulations of the Nepal Rastra Bank, banks and financial institutions are allowed to allocate up to 40 percent of their core capital toward share-backed lending. The latest lending trend indicates that the connection between Nepal’s banking sector and stock market is becoming increasingly deeper.

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