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  3. Rising Risk Reserves: A Deep Dive into Nepalese Banks’ Other Liabilities
बढ्दो जोखिम कोष: नेपाली बैंकहरूको अन्य दायित्वको गहिरो विश्लेषण
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2 min read
Published on July 11, 2025
Nepsetrading

बढ्दो जोखिम कोष: नेपाली बैंकहरूको अन्य दायित्वको गहिरो विश्लेषणRising Risk Reserves: A Deep Dive into Nepalese Banks’ Other Liabilities

नेपालका वाणिज्य बैंकहरूले आर्थिक वर्ष २०८२ को जेठ मसान्तसम्ममा रिपोर्ट गरेका ‘अन्य दायित्व’ (Other Liabilities) मा उल्लेखनीय वृद्धि देखिएको छ। यी दायित्वहरूमा सन्ड्री क्रेडिटर्स, कर्जा नोक्सानी प्रावधान (Loan Loss Provision), ब्याज निलम्बन खाता (Interest Suspense a/c), तथा अन्य विभिन्न दायित्व समावेश छन्, जसले बैंकको आन्तरिक जोखिम र आर्थिक व्यवस्थापनको अवस्था झल्काउँछ।

सवैभन्दा बढी अन्य दायित्व भएको बैंक एनआईएमबी (NIMB) हो, जसको जम्मा रकम ६८.६३ अर्ब रुपैयाँ रहेको छ। यसमा ३६.६१ अर्ब अन्य दायित्वमा र २२.१६ अर्ब कर्जा नोक्सानी प्रावधानमा छुट्याइएको छ। ग्लोबल आइएमई बैंक दोस्रो स्थानमा छ, जसको ५८.५२ अर्ब रुपैयाँ अन्य दायित्व छ भने त्यसमा २१.०५ अर्ब कर्जा प्रावधान र ३४.८२ अर्ब अन्य दायित्व छन्।

नबिल बैंकको अन्य दायित्व ५५.४६ अर्ब रुपैयाँ पुगेको छ, जसमा सन्ड्री क्रेडिटर्स अन्तर्गत मात्रै २५.८८ अर्ब रहेको छ — जुन यो शीर्षकमा सबैभन्दा बढी हो।

स्ट्यान्डर्ड चार्टर्ड बैंक (SCBNL) र सनिमा बैंक जस्ता संस्थाहरूले कम दायित्व रिपोर्ट गरेका छन् — क्रमशः ८.७३ अर्ब र १०.९५ अर्ब। यसले या त उनीहरूको संरचना सरल रहेको वा बढी सतर्क वित्तीय नीति अपनाएको देखाउँछ।

कर्जा नोक्सानी प्रावधान लगभग सबै बैंकहरूमा उच्च देखिएको छ। कुमारी बैंकले २८.३५ अर्ब तथा लक्ष्मी बैंकले १५.४८ अर्ब छुट्याएको छ, जुन सम्भावित ‘नपाउने कर्जा’ का जोखिमलाई सम्बोधन गर्न गरिएको तयारी हो।

ब्याज निलम्बन खाता अधिकांश बैंकहरूमा मध्यम देखिएको छ। एनआईसी, ग्लोबल, र सनिमा बैंकहरूले यो शीर्षकमा रकम उल्लेख नगरेको पाइन्छ, जसले या त उनीहरूको कर्जा असुली अवस्था राम्रो रहेको वा लेखा नीति भिन्न रहेको देखाउँछ।

‘अन्य’ दायित्व अत्यन्त ठूलो र अस्पष्ट क्षेत्र हो। एनआईएमबीमा मात्र ३६.६१ अर्ब, र ग्लोबलमा ३४.८२ अर्ब रुपैयाँ रहेको देखिन्छ। यसले पारदर्शिता अभावलाई देखाउँछ र नियामक निकायबाट थप अनुगमनको आवश्यकता औंल्याउँछ।

निष्कर्षमा, कर्जा नोक्सानीको प्रावधानले बैंकहरूको जोखिम सजगता देखाउँछ भने सन्ड्री क्रेडिटर्स र अन्य दायित्वहरूमा भएको वृद्धिले अल्पकालीन दायित्वको चाप वा आन्तरिक व्यवस्थापनमा कमजोरी संकेत गर्छ। आगामी त्रैमासिक विवरणमा यी दायित्वहरूको विस्तृत विश्लेषण र पारदर्शिता अत्यावश्यक देखिन्छ।

At the end of Jeth 2082 (Mid-June 2025), the consolidated data on "Other Liabilities" of Nepal’s major commercial banks presents a significant picture of contingent and provisioning burdens. These liabilities, not directly tied to deposits or borrowings, consist mainly of sundry creditors, loan loss provisions, interest suspense accounts, and miscellaneous payables — all vital indicators of a bank’s operational risk exposure.

Among all institutions, NIMB tops the list with total other liabilities of Rs. 68.63 billion, driven significantly by loan loss provisions (Rs. 22.16 billion) and a high ‘others’ category (Rs. 36.61 billion). Global IME Bank follows with Rs. 58.52 billion, with the largest portion again being loan loss provision (Rs. 21 billion) and other payables (Rs. 34.82 billion). NABIL Bank ranks third, reporting Rs. 55.46 billion, with a notable Rs. 25.88 billion listed under sundry creditors, the highest in that sub-category among all banks.

Some banks like SCBNL (Rs. 8.73 billion) and Sanima Bank (Rs. 10.95 billion) report relatively low figures, suggesting a leaner structure or more conservative provisioning policies. On the other hand, banks such as Kumari Bank (Rs. 48.44 billion) and ADBL (Rs. 49.92 billion) carry heavy other liabilities — primarily contributed by loan loss reserves and other miscellaneous items.

The loan loss provision figures across the board indicate cautious stances toward credit risk. Many banks — notably Kumari (Rs. 28.35 billion) and Laxmi (Rs. 15.48 billion) — have aggressively built up reserves, possibly in response to increased non-performing assets or upcoming regulatory stress tests.

The interest suspense account, which captures interest income not realized due to delayed repayments, remains moderate in most banks. Interestingly, NIC, Global IME, and Sanima have not recorded any amount under this category, which could either indicate better loan performance or different recognition policies.

The ‘Others’ category remains the least transparent yet substantial. For example, Global IME has reported Rs. 34.82 billion, and NIMB has Rs. 36.61 billion, without further sub-classification. This demands greater disclosure from the banks and more scrutiny from regulators to understand the underlying components.

In summary, while loan loss provisioning appears robust, the rising volume in sundry creditors and miscellaneous payables in certain banks could reflect short-term liquidity obligations, operational inefficiencies, or pending payments. A more granular breakdown in upcoming financial statements would be essential for stakeholders to fully grasp the quality and risks embedded in these liabilities.

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